Energy policies play a pivotal part in helping countries achieve their sustainable development goals. Further, energy is one of the critical raw materials in companies’ production processes. Therefore, ensuring a steady energy supply is essential to increasing production; otherwise, countries...

Government subsidies to energy are widespread and represent a heavy burden on public budgets in many countries. Both producers and consumers may be subsidized; the most common subsidies are for motor fuel consumption and electricity production and consumption. The subsidies to consumers often...

Continuous economic development of the European Union countries has reached a stage in which both intra- and inter-state cooperation together with the interaction of economic actors, have become biggest strength. The present paper analyze the level of cooperation between European Union countries...

This paper provides new evidence on the convergence process of energy, water and food per capita consumption levels for 108 countries from 1971 to 2018, using a common data set, with VAR and panel data approach. We establish a new notion of multivariate sigma and beta-convergence. The results...