entry strategies. The four main groups of entry strategies are independency entrepreneurship, opportunity entrepreneurship …, spin-out entrepreneurship and necessity entrepreneurship. The results indicate that firms conducting R&D continuously start … new market opportunities as well as spin-out entrepreneurship exhibit a higher initial size while start-ups established …

enter entrepreneurship, to become self-employed, and to switch to another employer. The effects of layers are much stronger … for business creation than for jobswitching and they are stronger for entrepreneurship than for self-employment. However … fewer layers having a broader range of skills. -- entrepreneurship ; employee mobility ; hierarchy, rank, small firm effect …

labor market institutions on entrepreneurship, wage determination, and firm size are analysed analytically and illustrated … numerically. The main result is that an increase in union power reduces the equilibrium rate of entrepreneurship and reduces the …