lack of reliable panel data on household expenditures. One possibility is to use surveys that follow the same households … alternative approach is to use the accounting identity that total household spending is equal to income plus capital gains minus … the change in wealth over the period. The goal of this paper is to examine the advantages and difficulties of using this …

This report summarises the methodologies used in the fourth wave of the Eurosystem Household Finance and Consumption … Survey, which provides household-level data collected in a harmonised way in all 19 euro area countries, as well as in the …

. The HFCS provides household-level data on assets, liabilities, wealth and income. As such, it plays an important role in …This article summarizes the main findings from the fourth wave of the Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS … macro statistics. The results also provide a glimpse of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on household balance sheets and …

This paper compares the main findings from the fourth wave of the Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS) for … Malta with those for the euro area. This comparative report finds that in 2020 the median Maltese household held more real … of homeownership in Malta, the median net wealth in Malta was estimated to be significantly higher than in the euro area …

-quarter of total household wealth in Europe provides further corroboration for this finding. …In this paper, we analyze the saving motives of European households using micro-data from the Household Finance and …