This paper aims at providing empirical evidence on social exclusion of immigrants in Germany. We demonstrate that when using a conventional definition of the social inclusion index typically applied in the literature, immigrants appear to experience a significant degree of social deprivation and...

This paper develops an axiomatic approach to the measurement of social exclusion. At the individual level, social exclusion is viewed in terms of deprivation of the person concerned with respect to different functionings in the society. At the aggregate level we treat social exclusion as a...

We review the literature on pathways through which social networks may influence social mobility in developing countries. We find that social networks support members in tangible ways-via access to opportunities for migration, credit, trading relationships, information on jobs, and new...