“Exhaustion of intellectual property rights” means that right holders lose the right to control the resale of the protected goods. Without an exhaustion doctrine IPR holders would perpetually exercise control over the sale, transfer or use of the relevant goods, and would have a grip on...

We study international trade in a model where consumers have non-homothetic preferences and where household income restricts the extensive margin of consumption. In equilibrium, monopolistic producers set high (low) prices in rich (poor) countries but a threat of parallel trade restricts the...

We consider the optimal market segmentation problem of a monopolist that faces a continuum of customers when it is costly to prevent resale (or parallel trade) among groups. In our framework, the monopolist chooses the number k of market segments, but also their design and the discriminatory...