This study examines the relationship between unemployment and labor force participation to judge the presence of the discouraged worker/added worker/unemployment invariance effect in the US labor market, spanning the period 1976-2014. Panel unit root and cointegration tests explore this...

Despite significant headwinds from population aging in most advanced economies (AEs), labor force participation rates show remarkably divergent trajectories both across countries and across different groups of workers. Participation increased sharply among prime-age women and, more recently,...

Estimated labor force participation rates among free women in the pre-Civil War period were exceedingly low. This is due, in part, to cultural or societal expectations of the role of women and the lack of thorough enumeration by Census takers. This paper develops an augmented labor force...