Introduction: informal economy, vulnerabilities, and popular security-enhancing practices / Isabelle Hillenkamp, Frédéric Lapeyre, and Andreia Lemaître -- Part I. A plurality of socio-economic logics: new Polanyian approaches to informality and vulnerability. Popular cooperatives and local...

Barrington Moore's famous line 'no bourgeoisie, no democracy' is one of the most quoted claims in political science. But has the rise of the African middle class promoted democratic consolidation? This paper uses the case of Kenya to investigate the attitudes and behaviours of the middle class....