estimator to identify the impact of smoking on babies of teen and non-teen mothers. We find that both OLS and matching estimator …In the U.S. teen mothers are more likely to give birth to low birth weight babies than non-teen mothers. There is also … substantial evidence that smoking is a risk factor correlated with low birth weight. Low birth weight is a costly outcome in both …

estimator to identify the impact of smoking on babies of teen and non-teen mothers. We find that both OLS and matching estimator …In the U.S. teen mothers are more likely to give birth to low birth weight babies than non-teen mothers. There is also … substantial evidence that smoking is a risk factor correlated with low birth weight. Low birth weight is a costly outcome in both …

/quit smoking. We use cross-sectional and panel data models to find that e-cigarette minimum legal sale age laws increase underage … pregnant teenagers' smoking by 2.1 percentage points. The laws may have also modestly improved select birth outcomes, perhaps … by reducing overall nicotine exposure from vaping and smoking combined …

for white mothers. At childbirth, heat-exposed mothers are more likely to have hypertension and have longer hospital stays …