This paper proposes a model-free approach to hedging and pricing in the presence of market imperfections such as market … incompleteness and frictions. The generality of this framework allows us to conduct an in-depth theoretical analysis of hedging … strategies with a wide family of risk measures and pricing rules, and study the conditions under which the hedging problem admits …

Persistently high negative covariances between risky assets and hedging instruments are intended to mitigate against … risk and subsequent financial losses. In the event of having more than one hedging instrument, multivariate covariances …

assets and the hedging instruments are intended to mitigate against financial risk and subsequent losses. If there is more … than one hedging instrument, multivariate covariances and correlations have to be calculated. As optimal hedge ratios are …