After the collapse of socialism, post-Soviet republics needed new economists equipped with the intellectual requirements of a new economic order based on private property and market mechanisms. To this end, they reorganized economics curricula, published new textbooks, and trained students and...

Twelve of the 29 transition economies in Europe and Central Asia are high remittance recipients, with average remittance receipts equivalent to 5 percent or more of their gross domestic product in the 2010s. The paper examines the evolution, during the 2000s and 2010s, of real unit labor costs,...