We analyze four economic sentiment indicators for the German economy regarding their ability to forecast economic activity. Using cross correlations and Granger causality tests we find that the ifo business expectations (ifo), the Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) and the ZEW Indicator of Economic...

Die Untersuchung beschäftigt sich mit den verschiedenen Indikatoren der Wirtschafts- und Konjunkturmessung in Europa. Es wird nach einer Möglichkeit gesucht, die führenden EU-Indikatoren zu modifizieren. Die Wirtschaftsindikatoren der EU sollen auf einheitlichen, harmonisierten Geschäfts-...

The renewed decline in GDP in the first quarter and the recent deterioration in leading indicators have increased concerns that the aftermath of the energy crisis and the tightening of monetary policy may weigh more heavily on the economy than expected. However, all in all it is more likely that...

The recovery of the global economy from the Covid crisis came to an end in 2022 amid high energy prices and great uncertainty. While the energy crisis is easing, the effects of monetary policy, which was tightened rather late but then very quickly, are now increasingly weighing on growth. World...