We empirically investigate whether the persistence of politicians in political institutions affects the innovation …' innovation activity. However, once the causal effect is isolated by means of instrumental variables, using death of politicians …-term connections with politicians. …

The challenge of public administration reform is well-known: politicians often have little interest in the efficient … research uses evidence from a small group of countries to conclude that clientelistic politicians resist reforms that restrict … their patronage powers. We support this conclusion with new evidence from many countries, allowing us to rule out …