An increasing number of countries are introducing gender quotas in scientific committees. We analyze how a larger … professorships in all academic disciplines in two countries, Italy and Spain. These applications were assessed by 8,000 evaluators …' research area, gender-mixed committees tend to be less favorable towards female candidates than all-male committees, with the …

An increasing number of countries are introducing gender quotas in scientific committees. We analyze how a larger … professorships in all academic disciplines in two countries, Italy and Spain. These applications were assessed by 8,000 evaluators …' research area, gender-mixed committees tend to be less favorable towards female candidates than all-male committees, with the …

investigate gender differences in the willingness to enter competition. Using data on about 42,000 professors and controlling for … competition of about 4 percentage points. The determinants of this gap seem to be gender differences in risk-aversion and self …-confidence and women's fear of discrimination: the lower tendency to enter competition is especially relevant for women in the lower …

We analyze the impact of evaluator and candidate gender on the language used in academic evaluations using data on 295 …,000 evaluation reports for applicants seeking professorial promotion across all academic fields in Italy. In this context, candidates … to evaluators, but we find no indication that the language of the assessments depends on the gender of either the …