In this paper we study the concepts of equilibrium and optimum in static transportation networks with elastic and non-elastic demands. The main mathematical tool of our paper is the theory of variational inequalities. We demonstrate that this theory is useful for proving the existence theorems....

In this paper, we prove an existence theorem for equilibria in production economies with increasing returns, which generalizes the classis results on this topic. In partular, we eliminate both the free-disposal assumptions and any smoothness requirements on the boundary of the production sets....

In a dynamic general equilibrium setup, this paper highlights the role of vintages and creative destruction in business fluctuations. By stressing the forward-looking characteristic of the optimal scrapping rule, we use a standard rational expectations argument to show the constancy of the...

This study analyses the impact of value added tax on key sectoral and macroeconomic aggregates, using a CGE model considered suitable for Nigeria. A survey of VATable Nigerian manufacturers, distributors, importers and suppliers of goods and services, organizations was conducted to gain insights...

Comparative statics in an Arrow-Radner incomplete market equilibrium model shows that some insights on agents' risk perception can be inferred from market prices. We call "precautionary savings" those savings which are invested in some riskless asset. The results are: precautionary savings...

Succeeding Dutta, Sen and Vohra (1995) and Saijo, Tatamitani and Yamato (1995), we define several conditions of natural mechanisms in production economies, and proposed two types of natural mechanisms, that is, the quantity and price-quantity types.

This paper completely characterizes two public ownership solutions in convex production economies, known respectively as the Proportional Solution (PR), and the Equal Benefit Solution (EB), by adopting the axioms Moulin (1990a,b) discussed and introducing two other axioms, Pareto Independence...

The Wong-Viner Envelope Theorem on the equality of long-run and short-run marginalcosts (LRMC and SRMC) is reformulated for convex but generally nondifferentiable costfunctions. The marginal cost can be formalized as the multi-valued subdifferential a.k.a.the subgradient set but, in itself, this...