"Nonreciprocal preferential trade arrangements are a defining feature of the relationship between developed and developing countries dating back to the colonial era. In the late 1950s, these arrangements started to take a multilateral form when members of the European Economic Community...

Eine wissenschaftliche Verortung von Fair Trade, dem Versuch, beim Import aus Entwicklungsländern stärker soziale und ökologische Kriterien zur Geltung zu bringen, in der Theorie und Politik des Außenhandels. (Siegfried Lörcher)

In War, Wine, and Taxes, John Nye debunks the myth that Britain was a free-trade nation during and after the industrial revolution, by revealing how the British used tariffs--notably on French wine--as a mercantilist tool to politically weaken France and to respond to pressure from local brewers...