We analyze self- and joint procurement of countries with heterogeneous demand for a good offered by a price … well as too much heterogeneity of insiders make the buyer group unstable. Uniform price procurement without a quantity … restriction is only stable with intra-group transfers. We relate our findings to the COVID-19 vaccine procurement of the European …

test standard decision theoretic predictions concerning purchasing behavior in a rebate and a discount scheme. We … switching to a linear pricing scheme is optimal. Our results indicate that rebate and discount schemes exert a significant …