This essay aim to set new hypothesis for Latin American’s development problem; the analysis is focused from “the encounter of two worlds” to the present. The general and main hypothesis is a sort of “clutched” between the “Pre-Columbian System” and the “European System” and...

This paper aims to describe the Independence process as a result of an European fighting between France and England for getting World hegemony. Its analytical framework is supported by a braudelian scheme; longue durée, moyenne durée and court durée. As a result, the Latin American...

This paper aim to discuss about a common terminology misused in Latin American political speech, associated with the models of political economy; the two countries were selected as samples for discussion. In such a way, the quantitative indicators showed are arguments for political, social and...

From quantitative data at the border of Peru’s viceroyalty, this article deals with the meaning of “Colonial pact” and “Corruption” and develops some hypothesis about the Imperial Policy in this area, under Habsbourg’s rule. The quantitative data has been processed using basic...