Combining administrative data on credit, internet penetration and a land reform in Rwanda, this paper shows that the … commercial banks and improves loan terms. These effects are partly due to the role of 3G internet in facilitating the acquisition …'s availability mediates 35% of the overall effect of mobile internet on credit and 80% for collateralized loans …

This paper examines the common perception that internet adoption accelerated globally during the COVID-19 pandemic. The … data show little evidence of a faster expansion of access to internet (extensive margin) across all country income groups … support that, despite a decline in internet prices over the past decade, affordability of digital services remains a concern …