A close relationship often involves lenders in workouts for their distressed clients. Since restructuring activities need special expertise, banks must have previously ac- cumulated restructuring know-how. We analyze the factors which induce banks to invest in restructuring know-how and explore...

This paper develops a conceptual framework and offers new statistical evidence on the access to credit by micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Guatemala and Nicaragua. To this end, and after reviewing the existing literature on the topic, it produces new empirical evidence drawn from...

El presente documento analiza el grado de acceso al crédito por parte de las pequeñas y medianas empresas en Argentina. A tal efecto, el estudio revisa críticamente diversos preconceptos de amplia difusión entre los encargados de política e incluso entre especialistas en el tema. En...

The bank lending channel theory posits that during monetary contractions banks restrict some firms' loans, thus reducing their desired investment independently of interest rates. Previous research finds small firms reduce, while large firms accelerate, loan growth. We find that small firms...

The European Investment Bank (EIB) and European Investment Fund (EIF) have been key partners in implementing the Juncker Plan (EFSI) (2015-2020), which aims to increase lending to economically or socially valuable projects too risky to receive private finance through leveraging scarce budgetary...

This article describes the development of the needs-weighted net household income of persons in private households in Germany since the year 2000. It also focuses on the presentation of the prevalence and amount of credit debts of private households. The central result is that the share of...

This study examined the responsiveness of commercial banks' sectoral credit supply to changes in credit demand expectations, as captured in the Central Bank of Kenya's Quarterly Credit Officers Survey. The study developed an index to measure changes in credit demand expectations and subjected...