We investigate the relationship between expatriate-deployment levels and the growth of international subsidiaries over time. Latent-curve analysis reveals that higher subsidiary growth over the long term is achieved through both (a) a higher proportion of expatriates at subsidiary founding and...

This paper examines the link between the long term orientation (LTO) dimension of national culture to transaction cost economics and relational exchange theory. Hypotheses were developed on the impact of LTO on multinational corporations’ (MNCs’) subsidiary ownership and expatriate staffing...

We hypothesize a U-shaped relationship between multinational corporations’ (MNCs’) subsidiary size and expatriate staffing level based on resource dependence theory. Furthermore, based on resource dependence and embeddedness / learning perspectives, the U-shaped relationship is hypothesized...

Host country tax considerations are critical to multinational enterprise (MNE) foreign direct investment decisions, but understudied in international business (IB) research. We address this gap by examining the relationship between host country corporate income tax rates (HCCITRs) and foreign...

This study goes beyond the conventional notion of the institutional environment of emerging economies and investigates their dynamic context. It examines the complex influences of policy reforms on the characteristics and survival of foreign subsidiaries in emerging economies before and after...

This study focuses on the role of geography in foreign subsidiary survival in host countries afflicted with political conflict. We argue that survival is a function of exposure to conflicts, which depends on the characteristics of place (the conflict zone) and space (geographic concentration and...

The resource-based view of the firm is used to develop a causal model for export strategy and performance.After a discussion of the evolution of export research and the resource-based view of the firm, the conceptual model is presented.A number of hypotheses are suggested by the model,...

This study examines age dependence in the mortality of multinational corporations’ (MNCs’) subsidiaries by integrating various “theory fragments” of organizational ecology. Using a “nonmonotonic logic”, we hypothesize an inverted S-curve relationship between subsidiary age and...