We use modern cross-sectional data and methods to conduct Friedman's (1957) classification tests of the Permanent Income Hypothesis. Our data are much superior to those available to Friedman and allow us to perform tests Friedman could not do. Some of our tests also benefit from econometric...

A unified model of monetary policy and bank regulation is presented. In accordance with modern banking theory, banks not only intermediate loans and deposits but also provide a financial service affecting aggregate output. Optimal parameter settings for monetary and regulatory policy are...

Theimplications of technical change that directly alters factor shares are examined. Such change can lower the income of some factors of production even when it raises total output, thus offering a possible explanation for episodes of social conflict such as the Luddite uprisings in 19th century...

Data quality in the Penn World Tables varies systematically across countries that have different growth rates and at different stages of economic development, thus introducing measurement error correlated with variables of economic interest. We explore the seriousness of this problem with three...

Friedman's Permanent Income Hypothesis (PIH) predicts that the income elasticity of consumption should be higher for households for which a large fraction of the variation of their income is permanent than for households facing more transitory variations in income. We test this prediction using...