substitutive relationship between domestic and foreign sales can most clearly be found for Spain, Portugal and Italy, providing … evidence of the importance of sunk costs and hysteresis in international trade. …

We argue that, under certain conditions described by a sunk cost hysteresis model, firms consider exports as a … evidence of the importance of sunk costs and hysteresis in international trade in these EMU member countries. What is more, our … and Portugal) the results underscore the empirical validity of the export hysteresis under uncertainty model. …

We argue that, under certain conditions described by a sunk cost hysteresis model, firms consider exports as a … and hysteresis in international trade between the member states of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU). What is more … (Italy, Greece, and Portugal) the results underscore the empirical validity of the export hysteresis under uncertainty model. …

We investigate and find evidence for the hysteresis hypothesis in UK imports from South Asian countries, using a … the imports significantly. We also find a partial support for the hysteresis hypothesis in UK import from India, Pakistan … and Sri Lanka. We find that hysteresis can be both country- and commodity-dependent, which is largely consistent with …