Poor countries are rarely challenged in formal WTO trade disputes for failing to live up to commitments, reducing the benefits of their participation in international trade agreements. This paper examines the political-economic causes of the failure to challenge poor countries and discusses the...

Developing countries have been increasing their participation in the formal institutions and proceedings of the multilateral trading system. A prominent example is their more frequent involvement as defendants and plaintiffs in GATT/WTO trade disputes. This paper provides an initial economic...

Export restrictions have been widely used by many countries in recent pasts to protect their domestic industries. In this paper, we estimated the short-run and long-run elasticity of the shrimps and tuna exports using the techniques of co-integration and error correction. We have also checked...

The poorest WTO member countries almost universally fail to engage as either complainants or interested third parties in formal dispute settlement activity related to their market access interests. This paper focuses on costs of the WTO's extended litigation process as an explanation for the...

Mechanisms to avoid investment treaty disputes are an increasing priority for states. States often struggle, however, to develop evidence-based mechanisms due to a lack of information regarding the risks created by the operation of their administrative institutions. The self-assessment process...

This Article attempts to understand the lack of Least Developed Countries (LDC)s and small developing Member States' participation as complainants in the World Trade Organization (WTO) Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) by undertaking the case study of the only LDC initiated dispute in the DSB:...

The Dispute Settlement (DS) system is a central feature of the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement. This compulsory and binding two-level mechanism for the adjudication of disputes between WTO Members is the most active among international courts. The functioning of the DS system has...

A significant body of research has sought to examine claims that developing countries are underrepresented as complainants, and/or over-represented as respondents in the WTO dispute settlement system. Most of this literature has focused on their propensity to participate, the idea being that...