and lower teaching quality when in class. The authors document that health problems-primarily teachers' own illness and … are unable to substitute adequately for teaching inputs. Excess teaching capacity that allows for the greater use of …

, sub-Saharan African countries, this paper goes beyond the estimation of direct effects of textbooks on students' learning … and focuses on peer effects resulting from textbooks owned by students' classmates. Applying and extending nonparametric …

, sub-Saharan African countries, this paper goes beyond the estimation of direct effects of textbooks on students' learning … and focuses on peer effects resulting from textbooks owned by students' classmates. Applying and extending nonparametric …