This paper analyzes Canadian retirement incomes by focusing on the dynamics of gender and immigration. We demonstrate that elderly women living alone and post-1970 immigrants are more likely to rely on the means-tested component of Canada's pension system, the Guaranteed Income Supplement (GIS),...

"Population aging is one of the most pressing issues facing governments and society today. With implications for health care, the economy, and an assortment of other policy areas, confronting this complex reality is increasingly urgent and never more so in the age of COVID-19. In The Four Lenses...

Partly due to their visible nature, homeless encampments are often at the core of the debate about how local governments should deal with homelessness. This brief describes why encampments exist and the many benefits that encampments can provide to their residents. In addition, the brief...

Most cities fine and even jail homeless people for living outside on the assumption that their alternative is to access homeless shelters. This brief finds that assumption deeply flawed. This first-ever study of shelters discloses that shelters have insufficient beds to meet the demand, and...

This article analyzes the gender visions adopted by policy actors in pension reform debates. Based on the work of Fraser (. “After the Family Wage: Gender Equity and the Welfare State.” Political Theory 22 : 591-618; . “From Redistribution to Recognition? Dilemmas of Justice in a...

According to Paul Pierson and R. Kent Weaver, the "new politics of the welfare state" is about escaping the popular blame generated by cutbacks affecting a significant portion of the population. Although the concept of blame avoidance helps to explain the political logic of welfare state...