Risk adjustment of payments to health plans is fundamental to regulated competition among private insurers, which serves as the basis of national health policy in many countries. To date, estimation and evaluation of a risk adjustment model has been a two-step process. In a first step, the...

The growing sophistication of insurance pricing, particularly for property-casualty insurance and reinsurance risk, has created a proliferation of approaches used in practice. Even within firms, pricing methodologies can vary from line to line, ranging from simplistic expected loss ratio targets...

Bundled insurance contracts, providing protection based on several loss coverages, are attractive because they allow insurers to focus on the needs of the policyholder. A common contract feature is a deductible set so that the insurance pays the excess over the deductible of the sum of losses...

A risk averse insurance company which knows the quota of coverage demanded by a client at the status-quo premium but has imperfect information otherwise may choose not to change the premium although an else identical risk neutral company would do so, provided the variance of the company’s...

Population events such as natural disasters, pandemics, extreme weather, and wars might cause jumps that have an immediate impact on mortality rates. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated that these events should not be treated as nonrepetitive exogenous interventions. Therefore,...