examine technological innovation, institutional quality, public-private partnerships in energy, and GDP with electricity …- and long-run effect on energy consumption. On the other hand, technological innovation has a long-term positive influence … suggest that technological innovation, institutional quality, and GDP are the most effective determinants and have the …

Studies highlight how the once envied US national innovation system (NIS) is now showing signs of slowing down. In this … article, we unpack this issue from an industrial R&D perspective. First, we highlight that open innovation (OI) practices (i … leadership in technological innovation. Second, we document three social benefits that public-sector R&D agencies generate for …