” of prosocial behavior to shed light on this trend, which reflects a complex interplay of genuine altruism, social or self …

mixture of true and coerced altruism between family members. We model families as pairs of siblings. Each sibling exerts … actuarially fair formal insurance. We show that coerced family altruism reduces individual efforts in equilibrium. However …, individuals always benefit ex ante from living in families with coerced altruism, as compared with living in autarky. We show that …

other. We show that altruism has a non-monotonic effect on effort. We study how this effect depends on "climate," the … robustness depends on climate. We find that family ties will be stronger in milder climates than in harsher climates. -- altruism …