It has been argued that investors who optimize their portfolios with attention paid only to mean and standard deviation will all end up choosing some multiple of a certain master fund portfolio. Justification for the capital asset pricing model of classical portfolio theory, which relates...

Optimality conditions are derived for problems of minimizing a generalized measure of deviation of a random variable, with special attention to situations where the random variable could be the rate of return from a portfolio of financial instruments. Generalized measures of deviation go beyond...

General deviation measures are introduced and studied systematically for their potential applications to risk management in areas like portfolio optimization and engineering. Such measures include standard deviation as a special case but need not be symmetric with respect to ups and downs. Their...

General deviation measures are introduced and studied systematically for their potential applications to risk management in areas like portfolio optimization and engineering. Such measures include standard deviation as a special case but need not be symmetric with respect to ups and downs. Their...

A new one-parameter family of risk measures called Conditional Drawdown (CDD) has been proposed. These measures of risk are functionals of the portfolio drawdown (underwater) curve considered in active portfolio management. For some value of the tolerance parameter α, in the case of a single...

The notion of drawdown is central to active portfolio management. Conditional Drawdown-at-Risk (CDaR) is defined as the average of a specified percentage of the largest drawdowns over an investment horizon and includes maximum and average drawdowns as particular cases. The necessary optimality...