The article synthetically presents economic situation in Poland as well as in the whole word during the crisis from 2007 to 2009. It also describes the condition of Polish banking sector and points its main problems, which accompany the occurence of credit crunch. The paper shows changes in...

International financial crisis of the recent years has discovered weaknesses in the international financial architecture, including in particular the inadequacy of prudential regulations, also in the European Union. The collapse of financial markets influenced negatively the indicators of...

The perennial conflict between the supporters of market solutions and interventionism is based on contrasting the market with regulation. The aim of this article is to analyze the opportunities and threats faced by alternative regulation mechanisms from the perspective of the crisis in the...

The purpose of this article is to analyze, whether and to what extent a global financial turmoil, initiated with the U.S. subprime crisis, can provide a stimulus towards a creation of the new international money. A reduction of the dollar’s share in the official foreign exchange reserves is...

Money markets are fundamentally different from stock markets. Stock markets are about price discovery for the purpose of allocating risk efficiently. Money markets are about obviating the need for price discovery using over-collateralised debt to reduce the cost of lending. Yet, attempts to...

Several Nobel laureates economists have called for redistributive policies. This paper shows that there is a strong case for redistributive policies because the global increase of income inequality and wealth concentration was an important driver for the financial and Eurozone crisis. The high...

That most corporate tax systems favor debt over equity finance is now widely recognized as, potentially, amplifying risks to financial stability. This paper makes a first attempt to explore, empirically, the link between this tax bias and the probability of financial crisis. It finds that...

There has recently been a proliferation of new quantitative tools as part of various initiatives to improve the monitoring of systemic risk. The "SysMo" project takes stock of the current toolkit used at the IMF for this purpose. It offers detailed and practical guidance on the use of current...

The World Bank and the IMF have adopted a debt sustainability framework (DSF) to evaluate the risk of debt distress in Low Income Countries (LICs). At the core of the DSF are empirically-based thresholds for each of five different measures of the debt burden (the “debt threshold...

The private non-financial sector in Europe is facing increased challenges in meeting its debt servicing obligation. In response, governments are revisiting legal tools and—in some cases—institutional arrangements to deal with over-indebtedness. For households, where the problem in...