-life health find inconclusive and mixed results. This paper re-evaluates this literature and studies the long-term effects of in … suggest the effects are more pronounced among children raised in farm households, females, and those with lower maternal …

to provide novel evidence on economic inequality in infant and maternal health. We find that birth outcomes vary non …-monotonically with parental income, and that children of parents in the top ventile of the income distribution have higher rates of low … birth weight and preterm birth than those in the bottom ventile. However, unlike birth outcomes, infant mortality varies …

in infant and maternal health. Infants and mothers at the top of the income distribution have worse birth and morbidity …. Racial disparities swamp these income disparities, with no racial convergence in health outcomes as income rises. A … comparison with Sweden shows that infant and maternal health is worse in California at virtually all income levels. …