price pressures. In addition, excess liquidity measures consider inflation as a purely monetary phenomenon: neither the …The aim of this note is to provide an overview of various measures of "excess liquidity", which can be defined as the … deviation of the actual stock of money from an estimated equilibrium level. Given their dynamic nature, the excess liquidity …

affect inflation expectations in Poland? Have inflation expectations of the private sector become more forward-looking? Is …To what extent financial crisis whose sharp phase begun in 2008 and low inflation environment that started in 2013 … addressed in this paper. To answer them we analyse survey-based measures of inflation expectations of consumers, enterprises and …