We model a spectrum auction where firms purchase units to participate in a constrained, multi-product, downstream … market. We use dynamic programming techniques to numerically solve for the optimal bidding strategy in a clock auction. Firms … cost firms may hold up the market, so the auction may be inefficient and generate zero revenue. An auction may be optimal …

The second-generation GSM spectrum auction in Germany is probably the most clear cut example of a low price outcome in … a simultaneous ascending-bid auction.The present paper gives an account of the events, describes the auction rules and …

. In the preparation of the auction, two designs involving each a hybrid of an English and a sealed-bid auction were … also compare the results to those with a pure English auction. Both hybrids are similar in efficiency, revenue differences … disappear as bidders get experienced. Compared to the discriminatory format, the pure English auction gives new entrants better …