Our article investigates the impact of vertical integration (without foreclosure) on innovation. We compare cases where either (i) two manufacturers or (ii) a manufacturer and a vertically integrated retailer invest. Then, the independent manufacturer(s) and the retailer bargain over non-linear...

This article presents recent advances in the analysis of buyer-seller networks, with a particular focus on the role of buyer power on exclusion. We first examine simple vertical structures and highlight that either upstream or downstream firms may have incentives to engage in exclusionary...

Different countries have different practices with regard to charging for calls to mobile subscribers. In some countries, including: Canada, China, Hong Kong, Russia, Singapore and the United States, mobile network operators (MNOs) charge their subscribers airtime on calls that they receive. This...