I propose a Bayesian dynamic multilevel model with a factor residual component to model spatial dependence in longitudinal data. Factor-analytic methods were developed to summarize variance-covariance structure of multivariate data. The formulation of factor analysis reflects the assumption that...

A new spatial decomposition of TFP growth into direct (own) and indirect (spillover) components is set out. We then apply the decomposition in the context of a spatial autoregressive production frontier analysis of 40 European countries over the period 1995-2008

In order to allocate resources and formulate policies effectively, governments and enterprises often need accurate geographical information on profit-seeking enterprises. This study explores the impact of local fiscal expenditure and environmental regulation on the number of profit-seeking...