: Emerging Issues in World Trade and Investment Law; Section I: Mapping the New Context for Trade and Investment Law; The End of … Trade and Investment Law As We Know It: From Singularity to Pluralism, Poul F. Kjaer; Heterodox Market Orders in the Global … Trade System, Andrew Lang; Embedded Neoliberalism and Its Discontent: The Uncertain Future of Trade and Investment Law …

The five contributions in this legal working paper discuss various aspects of investment arbitration. They were … originally presented at the ECB legal colloquium on ‘The new challenges raised by investment arbitration for the EU legal order …

of sovereign bonds issued by the host State qualify as investors and thus have standing to bring investment treaty … purposes of international investment law.This article illustrates the main problems revolving around the qualification of … sovereign bond as investments for the purposes of international investment law. The article summarises the relevant legal …

Over the past few decades, a few thousand international investment agreements have been concluded. One cornerstone of … those treaties has been a straightforward model of foreign investment: an investor based in a home State that has made an … investment located in the territory of a host State. Under that model, treaty protections operate reciprocally, protecting the …

uncertainty and levels of private investment across countries. This result raises the question what institutions might help reduce … respect to investors. Some have argued that governments might benefit from joining a multilateral investment agreement, but …

predicts that some commonly used types of breach remedies may protect too well, in the sense that they induce over-investment … provide, and the potential possibility to prevent breach by increasing the damage payment due through the investment made. The … damages, (ii) expectation damages and (iii) reliance damages. In line with theoretical predictions we find that over-investment …

Investment activities by foreign investors such as mining operations or energy production can threaten natural and … of various (recent) investment disputes, the question arises as to how obligations under the World Heritage Convention … affect investment activities and investment disputes. The article seeks to shed light on this issue by analysing different …

Foreign direct investment (FDI) plays an increasingly important part in the economies of the Asian region. The legal … and regional initiatives has been towards the promotion of FDI, through investment encouragement measures such as … incentives and relaxation of restrictions on investment. Moves towards unilateral reform of FDI regulation by individual states …