Coal combustion, for the production of cement, generates considerable amount of environmentally detrimental carbon dioxide as an undesirable by-product. Thus, this paper aims at measuring environmental efficiency within a joint production framework of both desirable and undesirable output using...

The aim of this paper is to examine the existence and direction of the causal relationship between energy consumption and output growth in the Indian cement industry for the period 1979-80 to 2004-05. The most recently developed panel unit root, a heterogeneous panel cointegration and...

The economic policy reform in respect of Indian cement industry, during the early 80's, resulted in a phenomenal growth of this sector. Cement industry being highly energy intensive in nature, further development of this industry, without increasing pressure on energy demand, would require...