encouraging, supporting, and advancing knowledge production (research, research and experimental development, R&D) and knowledge … of its employees (and their competences) as a potential opportunity and asset to perform creatively in knowledge … production and knowledge application. The academic firm has an interest to engage in networks with universities (higher education …

knowledge emerging from diverse external sources. Different research traditions have stressed both formal (FSK) and informal … sources of knowledge (ISK) as innovation performance drivers. Thus, context-led views such as the innovative milieux approach …, innovation systems literature and the knowledge spillover view have tended to focus on diverse, informal and location …