What is driving the remarkable increase over the last decade in the propensity of patents to cite academic science? Does this trend indicate that stronger knowledge spillovers from academia have helped power the surge in innovative activity in the U.S. in the 1990s? This paper seeks to shed...

In this paper, we document a practice in the processes of loan screenings and term settings by regional financial institutions and the extent of the use of qualitative information in these processes based upon the data collected by our originally -designed questionnaire survey on financial...

The question of whether more competition among banks increases relationship banking, which is predicted to improve credit availability for informationally opaque firms in theory, is a controversial issue in the banking literature. By using firm-level survey data in Japan, this paper provides...