We study the determinants of make-or-buy decisions for engines made by every recorded U.S. auto firm during 1917-1933. Most make-or-buy studies testing predictions of transaction cost economics exclude smaller firms, even though their make-or-buy behavior might be different from large firms' due...

Although there is a growing body of research exploring the transition to a more service-based orientation in complex product markets, the majority of this literature adopts what might be classified as a ‘manufacturer-active’ point of view; that is it explores the challenges faced by firms...

Although there is a growing body of research exploring the transition to a more service-based orientation in complex product markets, the majority of this literature adopts what mighty be classified as a ‘manufacturer-active’ point of view; that is it explores the challenges faced by firms...

Should a firm make its own inputs, buy them on the spot market, or maintain an ongoing relationship with a particular supplier? The emergence of the transaction cost approach to vertical integration in the 1970s and 1980s generated a substantial body of empirical research on vertical firm...