Medical experts have argued forcefully that using cigarettes harms health, prompting the adoption of myriad anti-smoking policies. The association between smoking and mortality may, however, be driven by unobserved factors, making it difficult to discern the underlying long-term causal...

Background: To assess the potential impact of a tax-induced cigarette price increase on financial and health outcomes by different socioeconomic groups. Methods: In a modeled condition using pooled cross-section data from Household Income and Expenditure Survey (2002-2017) and Iran 2019...

The consequences of tobacco control policies for individual welfare are difficult to assess. We therefore evaluate the impact of smoking bans and cigarette prices on subjective well-being by analyzing data for 40 European countries and regions between 1990 and 2011. We exploit the staggered...

Tobacco farming has played an important role in this nation's history, dating back more than 200 years. Today tobacco growers face an uncertain future after years of declining tobacco leaf purchases and declining profitability — trends that have already led to a dramatic decrease in the number...

Laws that prohibit, regulate, or tax cigarettes can generate illicit markets for tobacco products. Illicit markets both reduce the efficacy of policies intended to improve public health and create harms of their own. Enforcement can reduce evasion but creates additional harms, including...

This research makes at least two contributions to the literature focusing on demand for liquor and cigarettes. First, we establish empirically whether these goods are substitutes or complements in consumption. Second, results from our analysis permit answers to questions about whether states...

Previous studies estimate the average effect of cigarette price on body mass index (BMI), with recent research showing that their different methodologies all point to a negative effect after several years. This literature, however, ignores the possibility that the effect could vary throughout...