Civil conflicts spill over into neighboring countries. This paper proposes a theory of the contagion of civil wars. Weak territorial control facilitates the emergence of a regional market for war inputs in the “porous frontier.” The contagion effect is nonlinear and creates multiple...

Factors shaping international migration, over the last half century, from and into the countries and territories of sub-Saharan and North Africa, as well as the economic and some social implications of those movements, are examined. Existing analyses of these issues are critically reviewed,...

This paper examines the role of some Regional African Organizations and Bodies such as the African Union, the Economic Community of West African States and the Southern African Development Community in the plight of Africans and movement. An overview of migration, displacement and refugees shows...

Africa’s expanded refugee definition – Article I(2) of the 1969 Convention – provides the legal basis of protection for a significant number of the world’s refugees, a gateway to a host of rights aimed at protecting refugees from future harm and preserving their dignity until a durable...

The expanded refugee definition in the 1969 African Refugee Convention has been widely praised for its broad scope, its humanitarian aspirations and for inspiring the liberalization of refugee protection elsewhere. Paradoxically, relatively little is known or understood about its practical...