"Cronyism: Liberty versus Power in America 1607-1849 describes the evolution of political favor seeking in early American history, from the colonial era to the Mexican War. Newman argues that cronyism emerged from the perennial clash between the forces of liberty and power. When the...

1.Introduction -- 2Atlantic Reflections: Italian Spirits and Business Communities in Americas -- 3.Italians in Southern Brasil: Tradition and Innovation -- 4.Business and Transmission of “Knowledge”: Italian Migration to Brasil -- 5.Science, Techniques, Ideas: Italian Emigration in the...

Our study is the first to examine the pricing effect of U.S. trade policy uncertainty (TPU) on Chinese stocks. We estimate the U.S. TPU beta, which measures Chinese stock exposure to the U.S. TPU index. Both portfolio analyses and cross-sectional regressions suggest a significantly negative...