Incentives in the form of a gift or money are given to survey respondents in the hope that this will increase response rates and possibly also reduce non-response bias. They can also act as a means of thanking respondents for taking part and showing appreciation for the time the respondent has...

Relatively little is known about the micro-level dynamics of over-indebtedness and associated social, health and other outcomes, and the role of formal debt advice in this process. To rectify this, a large-scale longitudinal survey has been proposed. However, such a survey would face several...

Little is known about the effect of seeking debt advice on borrowers' well-being. To estimate this effect, we designed a randomised encouragement intervention for a new sample of over-indebted people in Britain who had not sought debt advice in the previous six months. Being encouraged to seek...

Using data from a new sample of over-indebted people living in Britain who have not sought debt advice in the previous six months, we estimate the effect of seeking formal debt advice. Our results suggest that there is a negative selection into formal debt advice: people who do seek debt advice...

In multi-national surveys different countries usually implement different sample designs. When making estimates of differences between countries, analysts often fail to take sample design appropriately into account. This failure is sometimes because variables indicating stratification,...