Over-estimated trade surplus -- On trade surplus from property rights -- Describing China's economic scale -- Foreign trade dependence and trade weighted method -- Standard for assessing exchange rate -- Stabilizing the currency and manipulating the exchange rate -- Origin and development of the...

The gold and silver quotations in the North-China herald (Shanghai) -- Currency and banks in China -- Documents on Chinese currency -- Documents on Imperial Maritime Customs -- Other documents : customs revenue, trade, gold and silver, loans

The foreign currency denomination of contracts in international transactions can lead to international currency exposure at the country level with important economic and policy implications. When debts are denominated in foreign currency and revenues in domestic currency, exchange rate...