In recent decades, the responsibility for the financing of compulsory education in rural China has rested with townships and villages which, with limited tax authority and uneven revenue capacity, increasingly relied on a plethora of arbitrarily imposed fees for funding. To reduce farmers‘...

The purpose of the study was to assess the areas of smart specializations in Polish regions in the context of agricultural and rural development as well as to analyse the significance of production factors in determining a market activity of agricultural holdings. Chapters: Selected directions...

The purpose of this report is to provide information and analysis to government, civil society, and donors interested in improving the well-being of the rural population of Mon State, Myanmar. Specifically, the report analyzes the different sources of income for rural households, as well as...

This paper empirically examines the effect of participation in National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) on the livelihood security of rural poor. Data are collected from 220 respondents (including both beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries) through a structured questionnaire from Sonepur district...

Access to assets and agrarian institutions is of critical importance to the economic viability of rural households. Understanding the extent of this access and how it links to the ability of rural households to employ different pathways out of poverty is thus vital for designing rural...

The relative impact and interaction of cash transfers and nutrition-related measures to enhance children's growth are unknown. The objective of this paper is to describe and analyze indicators for a baseline population that is participating in a randomized controlled trial with crossover design...

We analyse whether migration is an adaptation that households employ to cope with climate in Ghana and Nigeria. If migration is part of the present adaptation portfolio of households in developing countries, it is reasonable to expect that it will also be an adaptation to future climate change....

The overall objective of this discussion paper is to advance the knowledge on rural livelihoods in Stung Treng, Cambodia. In a cluster analysis, five clusters with very different livelihood strategies are identified based on a sample of 600 rural households. Despite the fact that nearly all...

We analyse whether migration is an adaptation that households employ to cope with climate in Ghana and Nigeria. If migration is part of the present adaptation portfolio of households in developing countries, it is reasonable to expect that it will also be an adaptation to future climate change....