This 2023 Article IV Consultation discusses that Eswatini has shown resilience to multiple economic shocks. While Eswatini has endured the pandemic and successive shocks from international commodity prices, fiscal and external buffers are low. In tandem, shifting from a state-led to a private...

This Selected Issues paper utilizes a new macro-model capturing food insecurity, migration and trade in Nepal. It shows that low yields and remoteness explain a majority of the difference in prevalence of food insecurity across districts in Nepal; both climate shocks and persistent...

This paper presents Nepal's the 2023 Article IV Consultation, First and Second Reviews under the Extended Credit Facility (ECF) Arrangement, Requests for Waivers of Nonobservance of Performance Criteria, Extension of the Arrangement, and Rephasing of Disbursements. Completion of the first and...

This 2023 Article IV Consultation discusses that Trinidad and Tobago's economic activity is recovering supported by higher global energy prices and the rebound of the non-energy sector. Real GDP is estimated to have expanded by 2.5 percent in 2022. Inflation has increased, reaching 8.7 percent...

This Selected Issues paper on the fintech and crypto assets in the Central African Republic (CAR). CAR's initial steps in the form of the 2022 crypto law have created legal uncertainties at the Central African Economic and Monetary Community level and raised numerous concerns but some of the...

This paper presents Central African Republic's (CAR) 2023 Article IV Consultation and Request for a 38-Month Arrangement under the Extended Credit Facility (ECF). The ECF-supported program will help meet CAR's protracted balance of payments needs, sustain priority spending on basic public...

This Selected Issues Paper takes stock of progress in the project's expected timeline, investment and production prospects, and the project's potential macroeconomic implications. Drawing from review of empirical literature, the paper also highlights key lessons for managing revenues from...

This paper focuses on United Republic of Tanzania's 2023 Article IV Consultation and First Review under the Extended Credit Facility Arrangement. Reforms focus on strengthening the economic recovery, preserving macroeconomic stability, and supporting structural reforms toward sustainable and...

This Selected Issues paper explores Palestinian labor market outcomes, dynamics, and policies. The Palestinian economy did not create enough jobs to absorb new labor market entrants. This even as labor force participation rates remained stubbornly low and among the lowest in the world for...

This paper discusses Union of The Comoros' Second Review under the Staff-Monitored Program (SMP). The implementation of the SMP, which supported the government's reform program during 2021-2022, was broadly satisfactory, with most quantitative targets and structural benchmarks being met on time....