In recent years, the substantial expansion in containerisation, the advent of megacarriers, the race for ever larger container-ships and higher-volume flows, have revolutionised intercontinental transport. These changes have entailed considerable reductions in maritime transport costs, which has...

Proceedings of the International Seminar, December 2002 The aim of the seminar was to review the key determinants of transport demand, both inside and outside the field of traditional transport Ministry responsibilities, and to identify measures for influencing these key factors

This report examines the economic principles for efficient systems of taxation and provides a framework for international comparisons of transport taxes and charges. It investigates the price and tax changes likely to result from the reform of transport charges to maximise efficiency, and their...