; distinguish spillovers from export-oriented vs domestic-market-oriented FDI; and allow for differing effects, depending on … domestic firms' export activities. The results suggest that the mechanisms through which spillovers affect domestic firms are …

This study reports results from an empirical investigation of business services sector firms that (start to) export … and productivity hold in the years before the export start, which indicates self-selection into exporting of more … relationship between profitability and starting to export is found. …