A confluence of circumstances led to the foundation of the University Institute of Economics in Oslo in 1932. Ragnar Frisch was the kingpin in this development. After having been appointed professor of economics and statistics by an unusual decision by the Storting in 1932 he decided to decline...

The increase in unemployment to relatively high levels for Switzerland in the 1990s gave rise to two fears: First, that economic growth no longer has any effect on employment (jobless growth), and second, that the equilibrium rate of unemployment, i.e. the rate of employment that prevails even...

We analyze the determinants of illiquidity and its impact on asset pricing for purely call-auction traded stocks on Berlin Stock Exchange using 22 years of daily data (1892-1913). We use the Lesmond et al. (1999) measure of transaction costs to proxy illiquidity. We show that transaction costs...

This study of initial public offerings (IPOs) carried out on the Berlin and London stock exchanges between 1900 and 1913 casts doubt on the received law and finance wisdom that legally mandated investor protection is pivotal to the development of capital markets. IPOs that resulted in official...

Bei ihrer Gründung 1889 dominierte in der Gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung das Ziel, Armut bei Invalidität und im Alter zu lindern. Dies wurde erst 1957 mit der großen Rentenreform anders. Seitdem dienen Renten nicht mehr nur als Zuschuss zur Finanzierung des Lebensunterhalts, sondern als...